Today, nutritious drinks enriched by probiotics find many importance and this importance is due to these bacterial role in prevention more multitude of infectious diseases. Synbiotic products are products that have probiotic and prebiotic components. the aim of the research was study of industrial new juice production as synbiotic sour cherry juice and apple juice that inoculated with lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria and inulin added as prebiotic. Physiochemical properties of produced juice under controlled conditions of preservation times 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 day after production including pH, Brix, Formalin index and Rheological properties were measured. Experimental results revealed that inulin addition motivate starter metabolic activity and cause increasing acidity and reducing pH. Brix of samples that have longer preservation time, reduces from 12.25 reduce to 12.15, and samples that prepared first day, had increased brix. Formalin index don't reduce meaningfully by considering encapsulation. Apple juice have minimum viscosity but sourcherry juice have high viscosity that depend on it's formulation and fruit component type. Totally, these results colud be planned for introducing synbiotic juice as new product with society culturing for it's consumption time like dairy family by considering industrial and economical view. We determined maximum expiration time one month by refer to physicochemical analysis. Also, samples that contain encapsulated micro-organisms have best expiration time toward others, and this time reduces in acidic fruits that physicochemical analysis of juice changes significantly from 21 th day later.

Extended Abstract Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. The cultivated area of this plant in Iran is 103,000 hectares, and its production amount is more than 5 million tons, which indicates the importance of this plant. In plant breeding, different methods are used in genotype selection. To select the best genotypes, a method is needed that can consider all traits based on desirability and undesirability in selections. The ideal genotype selection index (SIIG) is one of the methods that can determine the distance between genotypes in addition to selecting ideal genotypes. In this method, it is possible to identify genotypes with special characteristics. For example, genotypes with high yield and early maturity can be identified and selected with the SIIG method. This study aimed to evaluate tomato genotypes through quantitative and qualitative traits and to select the best ones for climatic conditions in southern Kerman. Methods: To evaluate and select the best tomato lines in the Jiroft region, an experiment with 11 genotypes (10 promising lines and the Karoon variety) based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out in the research farm of the Southern Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during two crop years (2021-2022 and 2022-2023). Cultivation was carried out under plastic on 20 February. Following drip irrigation, weeds were controlled by hand. During the growing season and after harvesting (May), qualitative traits, including uniformity, growth crack, green shoulders, type of inflorescence, and having an abscission layer, were recorded for each genotype. Brix, pH, tissue firmness, the number of locules, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, and the yield of each plant were measured in the laboratory. The days to flowering, days to ripening, and the number of inflorescences were also the traits recorded in each plot. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS software (9.4), and calculations related to the SIIG method were performed using the relevant matrices. Results: A compound variance analysis during the two years of the experiment showed that the effect of the year was significant on all studied traits, except for the number of locules trait. This shows the different conditions during the two experimental years and the influence of the studied traits on the experimental conditions. The effect of the genotype and the interaction of the genotype in the year were significant on all studied traits, except for the number of inflorescences, showing the diversity between the tested genotypes in terms of the studied traits. The mean comparison results of genotype effect showed that lines 14 and 6-33 were able to reach maturity earlier due to early flowering. Genotypes 8 and 32 produced the highest fruit yield, and the lowest amount of this trait belonged to lines 33-6 and 22-7. Since the traits were compared separately, a mean comparison among the genotypes showed that it was not possible to select the best based on all traits. If the selection was based only on yield, they would be placed in the top group 2 lines 8 and 32. Grouping based on cluster analysis placed four lines (8, 7-22, 11, and the Karoon variety) in the top group. Grouping tomato lines based on the SIIG index placed six lines in the top group. The superiority of the SIIG method compared to other methods is the grouping of lines based on the desirability of the traits (for example, low-average genotypes in the days to flowering and days to ripening are desirable traits). Therefore, the lines selected through the SIIG index are introduced as superior lines considering all traits in the south of Kerman. The SIIG method considers only quantitative traits, and non-parametric traits are not involved in this selection. Therefore, the Karoon cultivar, due to the fruit growth crack and line 7, due to the lack of uniformity and lack of the abscission layer, are not suitable for selection in the south of Kerman. Conclusions: By using the SIIG method and using all the traits, lines 33-4, 11, 13, and 8 were selected as the best lines in Jiroft conditions.

IntroductionLong-term use of chemical fertilizers can cause many adverse effects. In addition, excessive consumption of chemical fertilizers can lead to decreased food safety and low quality of vegetables, such as the accumulation of nitrates in plants. Today, using organic fertilizers is an efficient way to achieve sustainable agricultural development. The release rate of nutrients from organic fertilizers is slow and hardly exceeds the absorption capacity of plants compared to chemical fertilizers.Materials and MethodsTo compare the effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative traits of tomatoes in field conditions, an experiment was conducted in the cropping year of 2020-2021 in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Experimental treatments included: 1- biochar (8 t.ha-1), 2- animal manure (30 t.ha-1), 3- vermicompost (25 t.ha-1), 4- NPK chemical fertilizer (225 kg.ha-1 urea, 150 kg.ha-1 phosphorus fertilizer and 150 kg.ha-1 potassium sulfate), 5- 50% biochar + 50% animal manure, 6- 50% biochar + vermicompost, 7-50% animal manure + 50% vermicompost, 8- 50% biochar + 50% NPK, 9- 50% animal manure + 50% NPK, 10- 50% animal manure + 50% NPK, 11- 25% biochar + 25% animal manure + 25% vermicompost + 25% NPK and 12- control. The harvesting operation was carried out in two cutting. Five plants were randomly selected in each plot, and traits such as fruit size, length, and diameter were measured. Also, total yield, Brix index, vitamin C, and lycopene were measured in both cuttings.Results and DiscussionIn the first and second cutting, the highest fruit volume was obtained in the treatment of NPK chemical fertilizer (80.5 cm-3) and the combined use of NPK chemical + animal manure (131 cm-3), respectively. In the first cutting, the maximum fruit length was reported in the treatment of NPK chemical fertilizer (5.61 cm), and the second cutting, in the combined application of NPK chemical fertilizer + animal manure (7.16 cm) that compared to the control (4.73 cm) had a longer fruit length of 51%. The largest fruit diameter was observed in the NPK chemical fertilizer treatment (5.01 cm), which was 16% more than the control (4.31 cm). On the other hand, in the second cutting, the largest fruit diameter was shown in the combined application of chemical NPK + manure (5.54 cm). In the first cutting and the total of both cuttings, the highest yield was observed in the treatment of NPK chemical fertilizer (39.6 and 70.5 t.ha-1, respectively), while in the second cutting, the highest yield was obtained in the combined treatment of NPK chemical fertilizer + animal manure. (32.8 ton.ha-1). The results showed that using organic fertilizers individually and combinatorial compared to NPK chemical fertilizers had more Brix index, vitamin C, and lycopene. The highest amount of Brix index in first and second cutting (6.55 and 7.13, respectively), vitamin C (12.9 and 11.4 mg.100 g sample-1, respectively), and lycopene (2.48 and 2.25 mg.100 g sample-1, respectively) in the combined treatment of animal manure + vermicompost. Since the elements in the chemical fertilizer are released faster than the elements of other fertilizers and are available to the plant, therefore, by increasing the initial growth of the plant and as a result of improving its flowering potential, the total yield increased, in particular in the first cutting, where the superior treatment was the NPK chemical fertilizer. Further, due to the gradual release of organic fertilizer elements, the combined treatment of chemical and organic fertilizers increased the yield. On the other hand, organic matter plays an important role in soil fertility and performance. The rare elements in organic matter can meet the needs of soil microorganisms, enhance microbial activities, affect soil-microorganism interactions, and indirectly affect crop quality.ConclusionThe use of organic fertilizer, when combined with chemical fertilizer, can enhance both the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of tomatoes. By substituting a portion of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer, not only can yield be improved, but it's also possible to reduce the consumption of costly chemical fertilizers. This approach aligns with sustainable agricultural goals by optimizing the use of organic fertilizers.

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in usage of portable lightweight and accurate instrument such as refracto meter in dairy industry. This paper attempts to show that each one of mentioned instruments in various cut-points what will be their performance. Randomly, 80 cattle (primiparous and multiparous) selected and lactation number, calving ease score, volume of colostrum at first-milking were recorded and somatic cell count (SCC), total solid (TS), specific gravity, Brix% reading and immunologlobolin G concentration of colostrum sample measured. Thirtytwo percent of colostrum samples in the current study had IgG concentration of lower than 50 g/L. The results showed an acceptable correlation (R2=0.679) between Brix% reading and IgG concentration measured by enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA), also interaction of hydrometer method and digital Brix refracto meter (%) had a strong and positive (R2=0.711) correlation. Performance of digital Brix refracto meter for identifying low quality colostrum elevated at cut-point 24%, so that the sensivity and specificity of instrument in mentioned cut-point were 85.5% and 96%, respectively. The current results confirmed digital Brix refracto meter is accurate and have a good correlation with IgG concentration of colostrum, and diagnostic characteristics test of device could be better if used of fixed colostrum volume for measurement, but in the colostrum samples with high SCC adequacy of this portable on-farm device falls down.

Background and objectives: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in clinical practice. Conventional electro diagnosis studies have been useful in the diagnosis of this condition. The Terminal Latency Index (TLI) is a derived neurophysiological value that adjusts the Distal motor Latency (DL) for the terminal distance and motor nerve Conduction Velocity (CV).Several studies have suggested utility of the median TLI for diagnosis of CTS.The goal of this study is to evaluate prospectively the sensitivity of the median TLI in the diagnosis of CTS and compare it with other electrodiagnosis techniques.Material and Methods: This study was done on 111 patients as CTS group & 62 healthy subject as control group. In all groups five selected tests of electrodiagnosis were done and all of them were compared with TLI sensitivity.Results: The mean TLI was 0.3±0.05 in the CTS group and 0.42±0.03 in the control group. The sensitivity of TLI was 73% The TLI wasn't statistically better than the other tests, but in three cases from the CTS group, the TLI was the only abnormal test.The 7 and 14 cm method had meaningful sensitivity in contrary to other tests.Conclusion: The sensitivity of TLI has no meaningful difference with other routine electro diagnostic tests in diagnosis of CTS.The median TLI is a useful but not more sensitive electrodiagnostic test for CTS.

Introduction: Three methods of OCRA Index, Strain Index (SI), and ACGIH HAL have been proposed for the assessment of risk factors of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Investigating the correlation and consistency of these three methods are of prominence importance in the workplaces. Thus, this study aimed to determine the correlations of the results of the above mentioned methods. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 tasks were studied in four industries. For each task, a video taping of a full working cycle was prepared and evaluated according to the instructions of each method. The level of risk exposure to musculoskeletal disorders was analyzed with correlation and Kappa agreement coefficient tests using SPSS (version 16) and R software packages.Results: The correlation between the results of risk assessments of OCRA and SI methods for right and left hands were acceptable and equal to 0.751 and 0.726, respectively (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the coefficients of agreement between OCRA and HAL methods for left and right hands were 0.526 and 0.595, respectively.Conclusion: These findings partly confirmed the agreement between the methods of risk assessment. The origin of this partial agreement can be the number and type of variables and their impacts on the final score of the methods.

Sugarcane is one of the most important products in the area of agriculture. The solid part of sugarcane, fiber (bagasse), is the major byproduct of sugarcane industry and one of the largest cellulose sources. Another measurable index in sugarcane is Brix which is considered as sugar content as well as maturity index. Due to the importance of fiber, Brix index and moisture content of sugarcanes’ stalk, in this paper has been tried to provide nondestructive method for estimation of aforementioned parameters. To this end mechanical vibration of sugarcane stalks was evaluated as a cantilever beam. After placing samples in suitable place, they were excited and natural frequency, damping and damping ratio was calculated; these features were given to artificial neural network as inputs to predict brix, fiber percent and moisture content of sugarcane’ s stalk (as outputs). The correlation coefficient for fiber, brix and moisture content were R2=0. 97, R2=0. 71 and R2=0. 55 respectively. The support vector machinewas used to classify sugarcane parameters. The results showed that support vector machine classify fiber and Brix with the accuracy of 91. 43 and 83. 73%, respectively.